Formwork, also known as shuttering, is a structure or framework created on a construction site for the temporary support and shaping of concrete or reinforced concrete elements, such as walls, columns, beams, slabs, and other components. Formwork plays a crucial role in the concrete pouring process, ensuring precise geometry, dimensions, and quality of the structure. Here are some key characteristics and applications of formwork:

1. Materials of Formwork: Formwork can be constructed using various materials, including wood, metal, plastic, and composite materials. Wooden formwork is the most common due to its availability and ease of processing, but there are also metal and plastic options that offer their own advantages.

2. Types of Formwork: There are several types of formwork, including horizontal formwork (for slabs and decks), vertical formwork (for walls and columns), and circular formwork (for round or curved structures). Formwork can be either fixed or adjustable, depending on the specific requirements.

3. Assembly and Disassembly: Formwork is assembled on-site before concrete pouring and disassembled once the concrete has gained enough strength to maintain its shape. This allows formwork to be reused for various projects.

4. Functions of Formwork: Formwork serves several critical functions, including shaping the structure, ensuring its horizontal and vertical alignment, and holding the concrete in place until it sets.

Formwork is an integral part of concrete and reinforced concrete work, providing accuracy and strength to structures. Proper selection and installation of formwork are essential for the successful completion of construction projects.